A photograph of Türkiye

Country guide

Theme: History, Up to 1 hour in Türkiye — page 13

Türkiye is 783,562 km² across 81 provinces, most of it Anatolia in West Asia with East Thrace on the European side of the straits. It has three coasts to choose...

Photograph · Benh LIEU SONG · CC BY-SA 4.0

26,406 Places
7Cities

Reviewed by Elena Voss · Roavina Travel Editor

Türkiye is 783,562 km² across 81 provinces, most of it Anatolia in West Asia with East Thrace on the European side of the straits. It has three coasts to choose between — the Black Sea to the north, the Aegean to the west, the Mediterranean to the south — and an interior plateau that behaves like a different country in winter. Istanbul is the largest city and the economic centre, Ankara the capital and the second-largest, and the December 2025 population of 86,092,168 is weighted heavily to the west. A first trip is usually Istanbul and one coast; the plateau is the second trip.

Checked 2026-08-25

Cities

Every city catalogued in this country so far, ranked by how much there is to see.

Practical information

Language spoken
Turkish
The official language of the Republic of Turkiye
Dialling code
+90
The international dialling code for Turkiye
Currency
Turkish lira (₺, TRY)
The official currency; one lira is divided into 100 kurus
Emergency number
112
One number for ambulance, fire and police
Plug type
European two-pin · 220 V
The national living guide records 220 V and European-style two-pin plugs
Tap water
Not recorded
No verified national source in the dataset

Top things to see

Ranked by importance — sitelinks, pageviews and heritage status, not editor preference.

  1. Bazaar
    301 45 min

    Bazaar

    Turistik Demirciler Çarşısı

    Turistik Demirciler Çarşısı is a historic market quarter in Beypazarı district centre, around İrfan Gümüşel Caddesi.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Ankara
  2. Beçin Castle Beçin Castle
    302 45 min

    Beçin Castle

    Beçin Kalesi

    Beçin Kalesi is a fortified archaeological settlement on a plateau roughly 200 metres above the plain, about 5 km south of Milas in Muğla Province.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Muğla
  3. Bektaş Efendi Tomb
    303 45 min

    Bektaş Efendi Tomb

    Bektaş Efendi Türbesi

    Bektaş Efendi Türbesi is a compact memorial building in Bala Mahallesi, at the centre of Hacıbektaş in Nevşehir Province. Its inscription records construction in Hijri 1012, corresponding to 1603.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  4. Big cave castle
    304 45 min

    Big cave castle

    Churche and rooms for pigeons

    Churche and rooms for pigeons identifies a small group of carved spaces in the Üzengi Valley near Ürgüp, Nevşehir. Its distinctive subject is the meeting of two uses cut into Cappadocia’s rock landscape: churches and dovecotes.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  5. Blue Lagoon Blue Lagoon
    305 45 min

    Blue Lagoon

    Blue Lagoon is the lagoon landscape within Ölüdeniz–Kıdrak Nature Park in Ölüdeniz, Fethiye, Muğla.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Muğla
  6. Bodrum Windmills Bodrum Windmills
    306 45 min

    Bodrum Windmills

    Bodrum Windmills are eight historic stone structures on Değirmenburnu ridge, arranged in a north–south line between Bodrum and Gümbet in Eskiçeşme. They are remnants of local grain-milling infrastructure, not an operating museum or a modern attraction built for display.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Muğla
  7. Çakallar Çakallar
    307 45 min

    Çakallar

    Çakallar is a protected open-air heritage locality on a volcanic hillside near Sindel, also called Akçeşme, in Salihli district, Manisa. Its defining evidence is a group of fossilised human and animal footprints preserved as impressions in volcanic tuff.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Manisa
  8. Çakırca Bazalt Sütunları
    308 45 min

    Çakırca Bazalt Sütunları

    Çakırca Basalt Columns are a natural volcanic formation in Çakırca village, within Manisa’s Kula district. The dark rock belongs to the landscape of the Kula Volcanic Geopark and is associated with first-stage lava flows of the Burgaz volcanites.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Manisa
  9. Camel Rock Camel Rock
    309 45 min

    Camel Rock

    Camel Rock is a natural volcanic formation at the entrance to Devrent Valley, the Cappadocian landscape also known as Imagination Valley. Its profile is recognised as a kneeling camel: the hump, sloping neck and head emerge from weathered tuff.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  10. Canyon path
    310 45 min

    Canyon path

    Canyon path is the marked walking line through Kızılçukur Valley, beginning at the Kızılçukur sunset viewpoint above Ortahisar and continuing toward Çavuşin. Its identity is defined by a one-way valley crossing rather than by a single building or viewpoint.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  11. Çatal Höyük (Kozaklı)
    311 45 min

    Çatal Höyük (Kozaklı)

    Çatal Höyük

    Çatal Höyük is a registered archaeological site in Küllüce Village, within Kozaklı district of Nevşehir Province. Its identity is tied to a protected rural settlement landscape rather than to a museum building, excavation gallery, or staffed attraction.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  12. Çat Valley
    312 45 min

    Çat Valley

    Çat vadisi

    Çat Vadisi is a volcanic-tuff valley in Çat Beldesi, within Nevşehir Merkez, where fairy chimneys, sculpted rock formations, natural caves and rock-cut pigeon houses appear together in one open landscape.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  13. Cave
    313 45 min

    Cave

    Cave is a small mapped rock feature in Nevşehir’s Cappadocia landscape, where a hollowed opening is the attraction itself. Its character comes from the meeting of an intimate stone detail with the wider volcanic terrain around it.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  14. cave beehive
    314 45 min

    cave beehive

    Cave Beehive is a small cave-like historic remain in the rock landscape near Göreme, in Nevşehir Province’s Avanos district area.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  15. cave beehive
    315 45 min

    cave beehive

    Cave Beehive is a small outdoor rock-cut remnant in Avanos district, at approximately 38.6556686, 34.8542411. Its defining subject is the surviving carved form, encountered among Cappadocia’s volcanic-rock valleys rather than inside a museum or a fully enclosed cave complex.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  16. cave house
    316 45 min

    cave house

    Cave house

    Cave house is an exterior cave-house landmark mapped in Nevşehir province. Its interest lies in the visible relationship between local rock, carved or adapted cave space, and the surrounding settlement landscape.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  17. cave house
    317 45 min

    cave house

    Cave House is a hotel in Uçhisar, Nevşehir, offering accommodation in cave-and-stone suites. It is a place to stay rather than a museum or separately ticketed cave attraction.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  18. Cave House
    318 45 min

    Cave House

    Cave House is a small historic monument in Göreme, Nevşehir, positioned within the district’s distinctive cave-and-valley landscape.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  19. Cave House (entrance up through bottom chimney)
    319 45 min

    Cave House (entrance up through bottom chimney)

    Cave House (entrance up through bottom chimney) is a small, distinctive rock-cut landmark in Güllüdere Valley, between Göreme and Çavuşin in Nevşehir Province.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  20. Cave pigeon loft
    320 45 min

    Cave pigeon loft

    cave pigeon-loft

    Cave pigeon-loft is a small rock-cut pigeon house in the Göreme Archaeological Site area of Göreme, Nevşehir. Its carved openings belong to Cappadocia’s working landscape, alongside the better-known churches and chapels.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  21. Cave Tomb
    321 45 min

    Cave Tomb

    Cave Tomb is a specific rock-cut burial feature marked in the Güllüdere walking area of Nevşehir’s Cappadocia landscape. Its identity comes from the carved tomb itself, rather than from a museum collection, fortress, church complex or staffed visitor building.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  22. Cave village
    322 45 min

    Cave village

    Cave village is the historic outdoor settlement landscape of Çavuşin, in Avanos district of Nevşehir Province, rather than a single museum building.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  23. Çavuşin Castle
    323 45 min

    Çavuşin Castle

    Çavuşin Kalesi

    Çavuşin Kalesi is the prominent rock settlement rising above Çavuşin village in Avanos district of Nevşehir.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  24. Çeç
    324 45 min

    Çeç

    Çeç is a large stone-covered tumulus rising from Çeç Tepesi in the countryside between Avanos and Özkonak. Its broad artificial profile makes it a landmark across the surrounding Cappadocian landscape, including views from the Avanos area.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir
  25. Cemal Ranch
    325 45 min

    Cemal Ranch

    Cemal Ranch is a working horse-riding base in Kızılçukur Mevkii, Yukarı Mahallesi, outside Ortahisar in Cappadocia. It is arranged around guided riding rather than a conventional visitor attraction with a separate entrance ticket.

    • Notable
    • Historic site
    • Nevşehir

Source: OpenStreetMap contributors, Wikidata ·

Common questions

How long should a first trip to Türkiye be?

Ten to fourteen days allows about four days in İstanbul and at least three around Antalya when coastal archaeology is included. Cappadocia needs its own regional stay, and a one-way coastal route is more workable than returning to the same city each night.

What entry documents are needed for Türkiye?

Türkiye's visa position varies by passport and purpose. Verify the rule through the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and, when eligible, use only the official e-Visa service rather than an intermediary.

What is the best way to travel around Türkiye?

İstanbul's two airports and Antalya are the principal gateways for this itinerary. Domestic flights cover long cross-country legs, coaches serve many city pairs, and high-speed rail is most useful on the İstanbul-Ankara axis rather than as a universal substitute.

When is a practical time to visit Türkiye?

April to May and September to October are broad choices for combining İstanbul with the Mediterranean coast. Cappadocia nights, inland heat, and Antalya's coastal conditions differ, so confirm weather for each overnight base.

What money and payment basics apply in Türkiye?

Türkiye uses the Turkish lira (TRY). Keep lira available for smaller transport and market transactions even when cards are accepted, and review the displayed amount in TRY before agreeing to any card conversion.

What practical safety details should I save for Türkiye?

Dial 112 for emergencies in Türkiye. Electricity is 230 V through Type C and F sockets; tap-water safety is not recorded here, so obtain current local advice at each stop.